Object Oriented programming (OOP)

Object-Oriented Programming:

Programming that allows the programmer to define not only the data types of a data structure but also the types of functions is object-oriented programming.

It is the technique to design a program using classes and objects.

Key Principles of OOP:

• Abstraction
• Encapsulation
• Data hiding
• Polymorphism
• Inheritance

Abstraction:

It is the way of representing the essential data and hiding unwanted data such as background details and explainations.

Data Encapsulation:

It is the way of wrapping the data and functions into a single unit

It enables data hiding and information hiding.

Data hiding:

The way of hiding the implementation details of a class from the outside world by putting data private in class.

Polymorphism:

The ability to function and operator that it can act differently in different classes is known as polymorphism.

Inheritance:

The relationship between two or more classes in which the child class inherits the properties of the parent class.